Solar Reference Cells
See Also: PV Cell, References, Photovoltaic Reference Cells, Solar Simulators, Solar Irradiance
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Power Meters and Calibration Cells
The Solar Reference Cell consist of a 20 x 20 mm monocrystalline silicon Photovoltaic Cell encased in a 92 x 70 x 16 mm metal enclosure with a protective quartz window and a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is a 100 ohm platinum Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD).The Solar Reference Cells come with a Certificate of Calibration and compatible set of connecting cables. The following parameters of the reference cell are certified: Isc, Imax, Voc, Vmax, Pmax, Area, Fill Factor and Efficiency. The certification is accredited by NIST to the ISO-17025 standard and is traceable both to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), and to the International System of Units (SI). A compatible cable set is also supplied with each Solar Reference Cell.
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Reference Cells For PIV-IV Systems
NREL calibrated cell used for calibration transfer.The Abet Technologies solar reference cell is a precision instrument for the determination of solar simulator irradiance levels. The sensor is a mono-crystalline silicon solar cell having an area of2x2cm(4cm).The back of the solar cell is attached to the device in such a way that a good heat transfer to the device housing is guaranteed. Below the solar cell a Pt100 RTD temperature sensor is mounted to allow monitoring of device temperature. The device is not shunted allowing the whole IV-curve to be measured. The solar cell is protected by a high quality fused silica window, assuring spectral sensitivity over a 320 -1100 nm range.
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Calibrated Solar Reference Cell
To insure repeatable testing on any solar simulator, OAI offers 2cm x 2cm calibrated reference cells. Standard reference cell calibration cycles can be set up by OAI''s calibration laboratory to insure that your reference cell maintains certification.
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Solar Reference Cell
The Solar Reference Cells consist of a 20 mm x 20 mm monocrystalline silicon Photovoltaic Cell encased in a 92 mm x 70 mm x 16 mm metal enclosure with a protective quartz window and a temperature sensor. Designed for calibrating the irradiance of solar simulators used for testing solar cells and modules.
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AC Reference Modules
NAI offers a variety of AC reference modules that provide a drive capability to 5 VA. The units are transformer-isolated and operate over a frequency range from 47 Hz to 10 kHz. These modules are specifically designed for rugged defense, commercial aerospace, and industrial applications.
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E-Band Signal Analysis Reference Solution
The E-band signal analysis reference solution provides an effective measurement solution for today’s wideband signals as well as emerging communications standards. With the M1971E waveguide harmonic mixer, which provides a 55 to 90 GHz input; Keysight oscilloscopes, which provide excellent signal integrity; and the powerful 89600 VSA software, you have a high-quality wideband measurement solution. A simple user interface also provides integrated mixer setup, correction and LO optimization, allowing for accurate measurements.
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Solar Cells
Using high-efficiency solar panels made of silicon solar cells, the conversion rate as high as 16%, and attenuation, good reliability, long life. Frame using a high-quality anodized aluminum edge, high mechanical strength, ensuring a high level of wind resistance and anti-riot performance, can be adapted to a variety of complex and harsh climatic conditions used.
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Solar Cell Testers
Solar Cell Testers are integrated systems incorporating Solar Simulator and I-V Measurement systems. PET offers Standard and Advance IV Measurement software. PET Cell Testers are capable of measuring a diverse range of solar cell parameters such as Isc,Voc, Imax,Vmax, Pmax, FF, Rsh, Rs and η cell conversion efficiency, complete light and dark I-V curves. All that needs to be done to test a cell is to load the cell, make electrical probes contact and press “Measure” icon on the I-V Measurement System software. The software will automatically open the Solar Simulator shutter, perform the test and close the shutter after the test is complete. The design is modular in nature and can be easily upgraded. Some options can added at a later time.
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Solar Cell Simulation
Setfos
Easily calculate the short circuit current, open circuit voltage Voc and fill factor with Setfos. Tweak the layer stack and add light scattering layers for enhanced absorption. Optimize for AM1.5 or specific wavelength bandsElectrical IV curvesCurve fitting & parameter extractionAC simulation and transient experiments like photo-CELIVAdvanced device physics: SRH-recombination, excitons, ... Design anti-reflection coatings or transparent cells
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Fully Automatic Solar Cell
Module Laminator-H
1. Model: BSL2236OAC-H2. Effective lamination area: 2200mm × 3600mm3. Dimensions: length 17410mm × width 3665mm × height 2164mm4. Heating method: heat conduction oil heating5. Compressed air source pressure: 0.6～0.8MPa6. Working vacuum degree: 100～40Pa7. Evacuation rate: 70L/S8. Temperature control accuracy: ±1.5°C9. Temperature control range: room temperature - 180°C10. Temperature uniformity: effective lamination area≤±2℃11. Lamination chamber height: 30mm12. Evacuation time: depending on the process, it is recommended to take 5 to 8 minutes13. Upper cover stroke: 300mm
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Solar Cell I-V Characterization System
VS6825
Industrial Vision Technology Pte Ltd.
The VS-6825A I-V test system is tailored for high-efficiency Solar cell production lines. It is able to eliminate the impact of HJT/IBC/TOPCON’s high capacitance characteristics on measurement results.
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NI Real-Time Test Cell Reference System
780590-35
VeriStand Full Development License with NI Standard Service , Include 1 Year SSP
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Direct Burial Half Cell Reference Electrode
DB-A
Model DB-A Copper-Copper/Sulfate Reference Electrode designed for direct burial for long term monitoring of buried or earth contacting structures.
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Solar Cell I-V Characterization System
VS6821
Industrial Vision Technology Pte Ltd.
This system provides cell manufactures and laboratories a new way in testing and measuring photovoltaic cells. Integrated with Steady-State Solar Simulator, it provides complete coverage of testing parameters and measurement requirements by most international standards. Its test methods, procedure & equipment are IEC 60904 compliant. Calibration of reference cell is performed at Fraunhofer ISE in Germany, and is traceable to PTB.
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Reference Antennas
Type NRD
Reference antennas are precision dipole antennas that offer a fixed 2.15 dB of gain over an isotropic antenna along the major lobe axis at specified frequencies (2.15 dBi). They are intended to be used for antenna field pattern and gain measurements, or general RF sensing in the laboratory.
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Solar Tester
Amprobe solar meters and analyzers provide you with superior technology to optimize the placement and performance of solar energy equipment. Our meters also offer analysis of window efficiency.
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Reference Oscillator
REF Series 1.5” x 1.5” x 0.6”
*Connectorized Package *Free Running *Low Phase Noise *Output Power to +12 dBm Available
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Testing for Si Solar Cells Using High Performance CCD
EL Imaging Tester
EL Testing for Si Solar Cells using High Performance CCD. The determination of luminescence (photo emissions) in solar cells is an important characterization tool. Typical solar cells often have defects which limit the efficiency or lifetime of a cell. Many of these defects are visualized with Luminescence Imaging. By using this technique, the manufacturing process can be optimized to produce better cells. Luminescence Imaging takes advantage of the radiative inter-band recombination of excited charge carriers in solar cells. The emitted photons can be captured with a sensitive CCD camera to obtain an image of the distribution of the radiative recombination in the cell. This distribution is determined by the local excitation level, allowing the detection of electrical losses, thus mapping the diffusion length of minority carriers as the emitted light is low intensity and in the near infra-red range, the CCD camera has a high sensitivity wavelength from 900 to 1100 nm with little thermal noise. This CCD camera provides excellent resolution of 1024 x 1024 pixels with a large 1μm pixel size, multi-megahertz readout speed, and robust USB 2.0 connectivity. The EL CCD Camera is the ultimate high-performance CCD camera for electroluminescence and photoluminescence imaging for Photovoltaic (PV) Cells and Modules. This camera combines low noise electronics and optimal sensitivity in NIR.
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Reference Meter
SB1300
Shenzhen Star Instrument Co., Ltd.
The SB1300 three-phase multi-function reference meter incorporates 32-bit floating point DSP, wide-range measuring and embedding industrial PC technologies. This model was the first approved by China National Institute of Metrology. Star Instrument has been granted the first manufacturing license for class 0.02 reference meters. Basic measuring range (phase voltage): 1V~480V, current measuring range: 1mA~120A; wide measuring range (phase voltage): 0.1V~1000V, current measuring range: 0.1mA~200A
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Solar Simulator
XES Series
The recent environmental issues have been drawing more attention over the past few years. So "solar simulators" have come into the public eye much more often. They are mainly used for the evaluation of solar cells as well as for other types of tests where sunlight needs to be recreated.The continuous light of xenon lamp, the most faithful reproduction of sunlight, is applied in our highly accurate solar simulator, which has been widely sold across Japan and neighboring countries."SAN-EI" offer a wide range of solar-related optical technologies and can guarantee to satisfy the needs and request of customers.
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Reference Meters
Whether standard or high precision, ThermoWorks handheld meters feature rugged housing and best-in class accuracy across a variety of temperature ranges. Choose from integrated systems or meters that accept multiple probes, single or dual channel meters, alarms or reference models. Perfect for BBQ or sous-vide applications, dairy processing and meat processing, pharmaceutical labs, concrete curing, health departments, and for line checks, critical control point management, and HACCP checklists.
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Solar Simulators
Sun 2000 Class A
The Abet Gen II optical design, patent pending, dramatically increases the percentage of photons reaching the work plane.All electronics are packaged in the lamp house -no clutter of high power cables to deal with. A digital shutter timer allowing both manual and external control is included with every unit.Standard maintenance, lamp or filter replacement, does not require any tools.Locking indicator dials on all the system controls provide for a reproducible and stable setup.
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AC Reference Generators
SR23
Computer Conversions Corporation
The SR23 Series are miniature, low cost AC reference generators designed to supply 26 or 115 volt excitation (2-115VAC) to synchros or resolvers in military and industrial control applications. They accept +/-15V DC or +/-12V DC power inputs and provide up to 5VA of transformer isolated output power. These converters are packaged in PC card mounting modules 2.6”x3.1”x1”H.
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Reference Meter
ST1000
Shenzhen Star Instrument Co., Ltd.
The ST1000 three-phase reference meter incorporates high-precision A/D converter, DSP, wide-range measuring and embedding industrial PC technologies. It has a high accuracy of class 0.01. The voltage measuring range (phase voltage): 1V~480V, current measuring range: 1mA~120A.
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AC Reference Generators
SR21
Computer Conversions Corporation
The SR Series are miniature, low cost AC reference generators designed to supply 26 or 115 volt excitation to synchros or resolvers in military and industrial control applications. They accept +/-15V DC and provide up to 5VA of transformer isolated output power. These converters are packaged in PC card mounting modules 2.6”x3.1”x1”H.
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Solar Simulator
It is the optimum light source for the evaluation of requiring high degree of parallelism close to sunlight. Irradiation area and parallelism are produced according to your request.
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Solar Cell PL/EL/IV 3-in-1 Testing System
VS6841
Industrial Vision Technology Pte Ltd.
This luminescence Analyzer integrates a Photoluminescence (PL), Electroluminescence (EL) , and I-V Measurement Technology, has a Device’s PL image, EL image, as well Device’s I-V characteristics in One system. It is being using to quantitatively map Minority-Carrier Lifetime, and to characterize the defect of silicon wafer & solar wafer, and measure the key parameters from solar cell I-V Curve. It is also a useful tool for scientist to develop other methodology & parameters that can be used as a promising technique for online material monitoring and process control.
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Solar
Chroma Systems Solutions, Inc.
This auto test system uses the unique test command optimization technology to prevent the repeating control commands from sending to the system hardware devices. This improves the system test speed dramatically and makes Chroma 8000, which uses open software architecture, highly efficient as a close or optimized auto test system.
