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Modulation
the varying of amplitude, frequency, or phase.
See Also: Optical Modulation, Modulation Analysis, Modulation Analyzers, Modulation Meters, MER
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Modulation Distortion Up To 53 GHz
S95070B
S95070B software enables fast and accurate active device modulation distortion characterization under modulated stimulus conditions up to 53 GHz. The wide dynamic range and vector error correction of the PXI VNA results in an extremely low residual EVM from the test setup, giving you a complete picture of your device’s performance without test system interference. S95070B software measures EVM, NPR, ACPR, and decomposes nonlinear signals and linear signals through spectral correlation between the input and output spectrum, without doing demodulation. Integration with the PXI VNA’s measurement flexibility enables you to do quick modulation distortion measurements along with traditional VNA tests.
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Signal Generators
SSG3000X Series
SIGLENT’S SSG3000X series of signal generators have a frequency range of 9 kHz to 2.1 GHz/3.2 GHz. They provide normal analog modulation such as AM, FM, and PM. They also provide pulse modulation and pulse train generator. In addition, when used with baseband generator such as SDG6000X, They can generate IQ modulated signals. With their high accuracy and pure outputs, the SSG3000X series is the right choice for R&D, education, and manufacturing.
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Wideband Active Load Pull Export Control
S94573B
The software enables power amplifier distortion measurements under varying load conditions that are controlled across the entire modulation bandwidth. When design verification and robustness evaluation require testing the device away from the optimum loading condition, this application provides powerful insight into device performance and degradation.
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Optical Light Source
TM102N
TM102N Optical laser light source is a self-developed instrument, Which features advanced control technology , high output, ultra low-power operation. It can work at 1625nm, 1550nm, 1490nm, 1310nm, 1300nm, 850nm、650nm, single wavelength, dual-wavelength or tri -wavelength. It can export a variety of modulation frequency (CW, 270HZ, 1KHZ, 2KHZ). It is widely used in optical communication, optical measurement, optical fiber sensing, and so on.
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MXG X-Series RF Analog Signal Generator, 9 kHz to 6 GHz
N5181B
Take your devices & designs to their limit with outstanding hardware performance, including unmatched phase noise & spurious characteristicsDrive power amplifiers & characterize nonlinear behavior with industry-leading output powerThoroughly test receiver performance by simulating complex analog modulation scenarios with multi-function generator capabilityLower your cost of ownership with 3-year cal cycles & comprehensive solutions for self-maintenance
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Counter/Timer Board
USB-CTR-15
The USB-CTR-15 is an ideal solution for adding portable, easy-to-install, counter/timer capabilities to any PC or embedded system with a USB port. This board is packaged in a small, rugged, industrial enclosure and features 15 independent 16-bit counter/timers. The unit is a true USB 2.0 device, offering the highest speed available with the USB bus. It is fully compatible with both USB 1.1 and USB 2.0 ports. The unit is plug-and-play allowing quick connect/disconnect whenever you need additional counter/timer devices on your USB port. The USB-CTR-15 can be used for a wide variety of measurement applications including event counting, frequency measurements, position measurement, pulse counting, pulse-width modulation and pulse generation. The OEM version provides just the board without the enclosure or external screw terminal board and is ideal for a variety of embedded OEM applications.
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DPSK Demodulator
Optical differential-phase shift keying (DPSK) provides a desired modulation format that offers high receiver sensitivity, high tolerance to major nonlinear effects in high-speed transmissions, and high tolerance to coherent crosstalk. In DPSK, data information is carried by the optical phase difference between adjacent bits. For direct detection of DPSK signal (by conventional intensity detectors), a DPSK demodulator is needed to convert the phase-coded signal into an intensity-coded signal.
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Laser Spectroscopic Motor Exhaust Gas Analyzer
MEXA-ONE IRLAM
The MEXA-ONE IRLAM is an analyzer for the direct, simultaneous real-time measurement of the four relevant nitrogen-containing exhaust gas components NO, NO2, N2O and NH3.HORIBA's innovative infrared gas analysis technology, IRLAM™ (Infrared Laser Absorption Modulation), enables low-noise, high-precision measurement of four nitrogen compound gases (NO, NO2, N2O, NH3) in the low concentration range.
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Universal Preamplifier 14
UP14
For Two Dimensional Magnetic Recording (TDMR) and Heat-assisted Magnetic Recording (HAMR) Headamplifiers. Universal Preamplifier 14 (UP14) is designed for TDMR and HAMR Head Amplifiers. With new Guzik RWA4000 TDMR, UP14 allows to process signals from three Read Channels. It also supports two high speed data channels for Write data and Laser data. UP14 has two channels for dynamic TFC control and allows to program TFC power per sector and close loop TFC power control in each channel. UP14 can generate two programmable modulation signals for write data and laser data with bandwidth up to 20 MHz. UP14 consist of two boards. The first UP14 RW Board processes high-frequency signals: read-back signals, write data and laser data. The second UP14 Control Board provides power, control and low-frequency signal generation: TFC, write data modulation and laser modulation.
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Modulation Distortion Up To 26.5 GHz
S930702B
S930702B enables fast and accurate active-device modulation distortion characterization under modulated stimulus condition up to 26.5 GHz. The wide dynamic range and vector error correction of the PNA-X result in an extremely low residual EVM of the test setup, so you can get a complete picture of your device’s performance without test system interference. S930702B can measure EVM, NPR, ACPR, and can decompose nonlinear signals and linear signals with the spectral correlation between input and output spectrum without doing demodulation. Integration with the PNA-X SCCM provides quick modulation distortion measurements while making other VNA measurements.
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PXIe I/Q Arbitrary Waveform Generator, 16 bit, 540 MHz, 3 Scalar Channels
M9336A
The M9336A AWG delivers exceptional performance for creation of complex wideband waveforms. Multiple, 540 MHz bandwidth channels with 16-bit resolution and up to a 1.28 GSa/s sampling rate are provided in a single-slot PXIe instrument. This enables the AWG to generate wide bandwidth signals with low Error Vector Magnitude (EVM), making it ideal for creating baseband waveforms for wireless communications, radar, and satellite. The M9336A can also be combined with a wideband I/Q upconverter, resulting in modulation bandwidths of 1 GHz at RF frequencies for signal simulations employed in functional testing of chip sets designed for modern digital communications radios.
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(≤ 3.0GHz) DFB Light Source (ITU-T)
DFBL-0300
Hangzhou Huatai Optic Tech. Co., Ltd.
Huatai DFBL-0300 series is a set of high linearity DFB CW Light Source for modulation bandwidth <3GHz, mainly applied to optical accessory and fiber-optic communication equipment testing, modulation bandwidth <3GHz simulation, digital signal transmission R&D and application.
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RF Signal Generators, Up to 6 GHz
SG380 Series
Stanford Research Systems, Inc.
The SG380 Series RF Signal Generators use a unique, innovative architecture (Rational Approximation Frequency Synthesis) to deliver ultra-high frequency resolution (1 µHz), excellent phase noise, and versatile modulation capabilities (AM, FM, ØM, pulse modulation and sweeps) at a fraction of the cost of competing designs.
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Test Loop Translators
Incorporating fundamental frequency phase locked oscillators and double balanced mixers, the translators block convert frequencies from uplink to either downlink or L-Band and from L-Band to downlink for instantaneous monitoring of frequency, power levels and modulation.
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Navigation Analyzers
Rohde & Schwarz provides class-leading signal level and modulation analyzers specifically designed for commissioning and servicing terrestrial air navigation systems. The devices are easy to operate and ensure full functionality even in harsh environments. Match your needs with the right device for ground inspection and flight inspection.
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60 GHz WR-15 Waveguide Tx Module
PEM010
The PEM010 is a highly integrated millimeter wave transmitter that covers the 60 GHz global unlicensed spectrum allocations packaged in a standard waveguide module. Transmitter architecture is a double conversion, sliding IF with wide bandwidth capability through the up-conversion chain from baseband to carrier. The I/Q interface accepts analog baseband signals which provides for flexibility in design and applications. The baseband input optionally supports FSK/MSK modulation for non-coherent applications. The transmitter incorporates a complete waveguide interface with low-loss transition between the chip and the WR15 waveguide port. The integrated package is small and lightweight, with a simple to use multi-pin ST4 connector for power, reference clock, digital control port and baseband signals. Either of two reference clocks can be used for setting 540 MHz or 500 MHz channel spacing.
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Spectrum & Vector Analyzer
SVA1000X Series
The SIGLENT SVA1000X series spectrum & vector network analyzers are powerful and flexible tools for broadcast and RF device testing. With a wide frequency range from 9 kHz to 1.5 GHz, the analyzer delivers reliable automatic measurements and plenty of features including a tracking generator and multiple modes of operation: the base model is a swept super-heterodyne spectrum analyzer and optional functions include a vector network analyzer, a Frequency Domain Reflectometer based distance-to-fault locator, and a modulation analyzer. Applications include broadcast monitoring/evaluation, site surveying, EMI pre-compliance, research and development, education, production and maintenance.
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HUM DETECTOR (DEMODULATOR)
HD-500
Matrix Test Equipment Incorporated
The MATRIX Model HD-500 is a detector-amplifier designed to demodulate the low frequency amplitude modulations on any RF carrier over the range of 5 to 1500 MHz. These modulations are usually the undesirable result of the 50 or 60 Hz power source and are not necessarily sinusoidal. The unit is calibrated to the SCTE definition of hum modulation, which is the ratio of the peak-to-peak hum modulation to the peak of the carrier.
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Arbitrary Function Generators
PeakTech Prüf- und Messtechnik GmbH
This arbitrary waveform generator has excellent technical properties, a variety of functions. In addition to the frequency sweep, burst and modulation functions, this device also has a 7-digit frequency counter with a wide range of measurement functions up to 350 MHz. Due to the high number of functions and easy handling, this device is ideal for almost all tasks in research, development and training.
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Mach-Zehnder Fiber Interferometer
MZI
OPTIPHASE , a leading supplier of ultra-high performance interferometric systems, offers Fiber Interferometers for use in precision test and measurement instrumentation as well as fiber sensing systems. These interferometers are driven by our own PZ1 Low-profile Fiber Stretcher with enhanced modulation, through a front panel BNC connector. Michelson and Mach-Zehnder interferometers are available in wavelengths from 1064 to 1550 nm. Each interferometer has a “zero meter” path mismatch which provides flexibility to change the delay length to match varying test applications. The standard length shipped is 50 meters. We also build custom interferometers.
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Optical Modulation Analyzer and High-speed Digitizer Test Solution
M8290A
The M8290A is a flexible solution platform for 400G coherent component and transmitter test. It incorporates a 92 GSa/s modular optical modulation analyzer and a 92 GSa/s 4-channel electrical digitizer. Besides these modules an additional arbitrary waveform generator module up to 92 GSa/s, such as the M8196A, can be added to the same AXIe chassis. This setup results in a compact and flexible coherent test solution that can be used together with additional specialized solution software for Integrated Coherent Receiver (ICR) and Analog Coherent Optical (ACO) module characterization.
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NI-9470, 5 VDC to 30 VDC, 8-Channel (Sourcing Output), 2 kHz C Series Digital Module
787089-02
5 VDC to 30 VDC, 8-Channel (Sourcing Output), 2 kHz C Series Digital Module - The NI‑9470 is a digital output module that features proportional valve drive control. You can use the NI-9470 to perform pulse width modulation (PWM), dither control, and current readback. The NI‑9470 features eight output channels compatible with signals from 5 V to 30 V and transient overvoltage protection between the output channels and the backplane.
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Modulatable Lasers
06-01 Series
*Plug and play ultra-compact diode lasers (MLD) and diode pumped lasers (DPL)*405 nm, 445 nm, 473 nm, 488 nm, 515 nm, 532 nm, 553 nm, 561 nm, 633 nm, 638 nm, 647 nm & 660 nm*Up to 250 mW, integrated electronics*Fiber pigtailed option*Optional integrated clean up filter*Fast and high aspect ratio option, modulation up to 150 MHz*Perfect for fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry
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Up-Converter for Radio Amateurs
. Internal filters provide high spurious rejection and image rejection. Due to low phase noise and high frequency stability of the local oscillator at 3000 MHz, the up converter is suitable for analog and digital communication systems.Typical applications are Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Systems (MMDS) using QPSK modulation and DVB?T or DVB?S systems. The output power of 20 mW can be increased to several watts by the use of an additional power amplifier.
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SLED Source Driver
S-108
SLED Source & Driver slot module of FOTS system is an efficient module that can drive a stable high power broadband source and modulate a high power SLED to output a high bit rate optical signal. As a high power broadband SLED source, this module can drive the maximum output power of more than 14 dBm and has a stable wideband source characteristics of >90nm@-20dBm/nm. As a high current (400mA) modulation technique, it shows a high power and high bit rate digital signal of > 155 Mbps with > 13 dBm peak power.
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65 GSa/s Arbitrary Waveform Generator
M8195A
Sample rate up to 65 GSa/s High channel density: 1, 2 or 4 channels per module, synchronization of up to 16 channels on 4 modules with the M8197A multi-channel synchronization module Built-in frequency and phase response calibration Embedded DSP enables real-time waveform and impairment generation(in conjunction with the 81195A optical modulation generator software)
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Coherent Transmission Test Instruments
Optical modulation analyzers provide detailed insights into the complex modulated optical signals at the physical layer to determine signal quality or evaluate components that are designed for IQ modulation and demodulation.
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Rotating Ring Disk Electrode
RRDE-3A
RRDE-3A is a constant rotation system for use in hydrodynamic modulation rotating ring disk electrochemistry. A 7 mm diameter electrode with short stainless steel shaft provides for a miniature and concentric circle electrode system that is capable for highly accurate rotation and modulation even at radial modulation rates or wave forms.
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HDTV Encoder Modulators
All-in-one 4 Channel Full HD Compact Encoder Modulator which integrates encoding MPEG-2, MPEG-4/H.264 modulation to convert HDMI/YPbPr /CVBS signals to digital RF output. To meet customers various requirements the B-QAM-HDMI-IP-4CH is also equipped with 1 ASI input and 2 ASI output ports.
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Vecor Signal Generator
SMM100A
The R&S®SMM100A vector signal generator provides remarkably good RF characteristics across the entire frequency range from 100 kHz to 44 GHz. The instrument covers the bands below 6 GHz used by existing wirelessstandards as well as the newly defined bands for 5G NR FR1 and Wi-Fi 6E up to 7.125 GHz and the 5G NR FR2 bands up to 44 GHz.The internal baseband generator in the R&S®SMM100A supports a maximum RF modulation bandwidth of 1 GHz. Digitally modulated broadband signals can thus be generated as required by the prevalent wireless standards. The R&S®SMM100A is well prepared for future bandwidth requirements.